G5/5 Studies

EREC G5/5 Harmonics Compliance Studies

At RenSolv, we are specialists in performing ENA Engineering Recommendation (EREC) G5/5 compliance assessment studies. Our engineers have been delivering power quality and harmonics assessments for over 15 years across solar, wind, BESS, conventional generation, and co-located projects, supporting developers and asset owners to achieve grid connection approvals with minimum delay.

EREC G5/5 is the UK standard used to assess harmonic emissions from distorting installations and to demonstrate that harmonic voltage distortion at the Point of Common Coupling (PCC) remains within the applicable limits. In practice, it is one of the most important gatekeepers for grid connections, particularly at 33 kV and above where network impedance characteristics and resonance risk can materially influence compliance.

What a G5/5 compliance study involves (and why it matters)

Harmonics are not a paper exercise. A compliant project must demonstrate that the harmonic impact of the installation is acceptable to the network, and that the project will not cause unacceptable distortion that could affect other network users or degrade equipment performance.

A G5/5 study therefore focuses on the PCC and demonstrates compliance against the relevant limits by assessing:

  • The incremental harmonic voltage contribution attributable to the installation.
  • Total harmonic voltage at the PCC considering both background distortion and the installation contribution.
  • Internal compatibility checks at key plant busbars where that evidence is required or good engineering practice.

For many utility-scale plants, this provides the clearest view of power quality risk both at the grid boundary and within the project electrical system.

Incremental harmonic voltage distortion compared against the applicable limits
Figure 1: Incremental harmonic voltage distortion against incremental harmonic voltage distortion limits.
Additional incremental harmonic voltage distortion results compared against the applicable limits
Figure 2: Incremental harmonic voltage distortion against incremental harmonic voltage distortion limits.

How we work with clients

We perform a detailed compliance assessment and, where a potential non-compliance is identified, we propose practical mitigation measures to resolve the issue. We also work with clients and stakeholders to explore technically credible solutions that can reduce mitigation cost and programme risk.

Investigating harmonics with sufficient modelling detail is particularly important, because interventions such as harmonic filters can become materially more expensive if they are introduced late in the design and civil layout process.

What EREC G5/5 is designed to demonstrate

A robust G5/5 compliance submission is designed to show that:

  • The installation's harmonic contribution at the PCC has been assessed across the relevant operating conditions and configurations.
  • The resulting harmonic voltages at the PCC remain within the applicable incremental and total harmonic voltage limits.
  • Electrical equivalents and impedance characterisation at the PCC provide a traceable basis for the compliance evidence.
  • Internal compatibility checks are included where required or where they materially improve project risk visibility.

RenSolv structures that evidence clearly and professionally, in a format that is straightforward for both the client and the DNO to review.

Pre and post-connection impedance scan at the point of common coupling
Figure 3: Pre and post-connection impedance scan at the PCC for the site's intact network.

What you receive from RenSolv

RenSolv provides professionally written technical reports authored by specialist power system engineers with extensive power systems backgrounds and years of hands-on experience on real projects.

Our reports are designed to be clear for both the client and the DNO, demonstrating compliance against the relevant G5/5 limits through a structured narrative, potential mitigation measures, and unambiguous outcomes.

Typical Projects We Support

RenSolv provides G5/5 compliance assessment studies for a wide range of generation and storage developments, including:

  • Utility-scale solar farms.
  • Onshore and offshore wind projects.
  • Battery energy storage systems (BESS).
  • Hybrid renewable projects, including solar plus storage and wind plus storage.
  • Co-located generation and storage developments.
  • Data centres.

Our studies support projects connecting at distribution voltages including 11 kV, 33 kV, 66 kV, and 132 kV.

Project Reference

As a recent example, we performed a G5/5 compliance assessment for a utility-scale solar farm with active power export limited to 35 MW, connected to the distribution network operator at 132 kV.

This is a typical example of the type of project where G5/5 compliance must be demonstrated clearly at the PCC, with appropriate consideration of both incremental and total harmonic voltage limits.

Other Projects Supported by RenSolv

RenSolv engineers have supported renewable generation and energy storage projects across the UK transmission and distribution networks.

Further details on comparable projects supported by RenSolv can be found in our Project Experience section.

Example G5/5 project schematic for a solar farm connected at 132 kV
Figure 4: Example project schematic used to frame a typical G5/5 compliance assessment at the PCC.

Why choose RenSolv

Deep technical capability with real project experience

We bring specialist power systems expertise backed by years of practical experience in harmonics and power quality compliance. Our submissions are structured, technically robust, and aligned to the G5/5 evidence framework expected by network operators.

A practical and collaborative working style

We work closely with developers, consultants, and stakeholders to identify issues early, evaluate credible mitigation routes, and keep the compliance process commercially realistic and technically clear.

Support through to project delivery

Where needed, we attend meetings with project teams and network operators to support the project through to completion, helping resolve technical queries beyond the report itself.

Discuss your G5/5 compliance requirements or an upcoming project with a RenSolv specialist engineer.

Book your free 30-minute consultation today.

Book your free 30-minute consultation